Question 2 & 3 : Male Skull vs. Female Skull

2. Skull (Cranium & Mandible)

Male Skull

• generally larger than female
• large brow ridges, with sloping, less rounded forehead
• larger projections behind ears (mastoid process)
• small chin with a more vertical (acute) angle of jaw
• greater definition of muscle attachment area at the back of the neck

MALE SKULL

FEMALE SKULL

We can look at many other aspects to come to a conclusion.

1. weight

male : heavier

female : lighter

2. size

male : larger

female : smaller

3. bony mass or thickness of the bone 

male : slightly sloping or receding forehead

female : forehead is vertical

4. vault of the skull

male : more rounded

female : more flattened

5. contour of the face

male : overall length of the skull is longer, the chin is bigger and protrudes more forward, skull is rugged due to its muscular make up, zygomatic bone also more massive.

female : skull is more rounded with the facial bones being smoother, both maxilla and mandible smaller.

6. supreorbital margin

male : more rounded

female : sharper

7. tympanic plate 

male : larger and margins are more rounded

female : smaller and margins are less rounded

8. frontal bone and forehead

male : brow ridges are well demarcated

female : smooth and more vertical frontal bone

9. mastoid process

male : larger

female : smaller

Question 3: 

From the above abstract, we believe that one victim was present at the crime scene, however due to a lack of information we cannot be sure as some details are hazy. The “top of the skull” “jaw fragments” provided are only enough evidence to show the possible presence of one victim.